EZH2对弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤RCHOP方案治疗效果的预测价值

目的:探讨Zeste基因增强子(enhancer of zeste homolog 2,EZH2)对弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,DLBCL)RCHOP方案治疗的效果的预测价值。方法:纳入2017年1月至2018年5月南华大学附属第二医院80例接受RCHOP方案治疗的DLBCL患者,分析患者EZH2表达情况与治疗效果的关系,绘制EZH2预测治疗效果的ROC曲线,并对患者pCR与病理特征的关系进行讨论。结果:80例患者中EZH2高表达者49例,EZH2低表达者31例,DLBCL患者RCHOP治疗的pCR率为51.25%,其中EZH2高表达患者完全缓解(complete response,CR)、客观缓解率(objective response rate,ORR)均明显低于EZH2低表达患者(P<0.05);EZH2预测治疗效果的曲线下面积为0.874(P<0.05);pCR与性别、年龄、美国东部肿瘤协作组(Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group,ECOG)得分、淋巴瘤国际预后指数(International Prognostic Index,IPI)得分、乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)因素无相关关系(P>0.05);与Hans分型、EZH2表达水平存在一定的相关性(P<0.05)。结论:DLBCL患者EZH2低表达是RCHOP治疗后高pCR率的预测因子,在临床上有助于为DLBCL患者临床治疗提供更好的指导。     

小细胞肺癌患者外周血辅助性T细胞的表达情况及临床意义

目的研究小细胞肺癌(SCLC)患者外周血中辅助性T细胞1(Th1)、Th2、Th17及调节性T淋巴细胞(Treg)的表达情况,探讨其在SCLC进展中的作用。方法选择2016年1月至2018年4月本院收治的44例住院的SCLC患者(SCLC组)及24名健康者(对照组)作为研究对象。采用流式细胞法检测两组研究对象外周血中Th1、Th2、Th17及Treg细胞的表达情况,应用微量样本多指标流式蛋白定量技术(CBA)检测血清中的细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-17及IL-10的表达情况。结果SCLC组患者的外周血中Th1细胞、Th1/Th2、IFN-γ表达水平显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。SCLC组患者的外周血中Th2、Treg、Th17、Treg/Th17、IL-17、IL-10表达水平显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论SCLC患者外周血中Th1/Th2的降低、Treg/Th17的升高可能与SCLC的致病机理及预后密切相关,该结论将为SCLC的治疗提供新的思路。     

Physical activity and mental well-being during COVID-19 pandemic

The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in most nations deciding upon self-isolation and social distancing policies for their citizens to control the pandemic and reduce hospital admission. This review aimed at evaluating the effect of physical activity on mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic may lead to augmented levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-2 that led to cardiovascular and neurological disorders associated with highly inflammatory effects of viral infection affecting the brain tissues leading to damage of the nervous system and resulting in cognition dysfunction, insulin sensitivity reduction, and behavioral impairments. Anxiety and depression may lead to negative effects on various quality of life domains, such as being physically inactive. Regular physical activities may reduce inflammatory responses, improve ACE-2 responses, and improve mental well-being during self-isolation and social distancing policies related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Further studies should be conducted to assess the different intensities of physical activities on cardiovascular function, and mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.     

The endogenous inflammatory reflex inhibits the inflammatory response to different immune challenges in mice

The splanchnic anti-inflammatory pathway, the efferent arm of the endogenous inflammatory reflex, has been shown to suppress the acute inflammatory response of rats to systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Here we show for the first time that this applies also to mice, and that the reflex may be engaged by a range of inflammatory stimuli. Experiments were performed on mice under deep anaesthesia. Half the animals were subjected to bilateral section of the splanchnic sympathetic nerves, to disconnect the splanchnic anti-inflammatory pathway, while the remainder underwent a sham operation. Mice were then challenged intravenously with one of three inflammatory stimuli: the toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 agonist, LPS (60 µg/kg), the TLR-3 agonist Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C, 1 mg/kg) or the TLR-2 and -6 agonist dipalmitoyl-S-glyceryl cysteine (Pam2cys, 34 µg/kg). Ninety minutes later, blood was sampled by cardiac puncture for serum cytokine analysis. The splanchnic anti-inflammatory reflex action was assessed by comparing cytokine levels between animals with cut versus those with intact splanchnic nerves. A consistent pattern emerged: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels in response to all three challenges were raised by prior splanchnic nerve section, while levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) were reduced. The raised TNF:IL-10 ratio after splanchnic nerve section indicates an enhanced inflammatory state when the reflex is disabled. These findings show for the first time that the inflammatory reflex drives a coordinated anti-inflammatory action also in mice, and demonstrate that its anti-inflammatory action is engaged, in similar fashion, by inflammatory stimuli mimicking a range of bacterial and viral infections.     

Foot manifestations in a patient with COVID-19 and Epstein-Barr virus: A case study

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is highly-contagious. It can lead to respiratory distress—and in some cases—death. Recent reports and observations have identified an association between COVID-19 and manifestations in the feet. However, there are very few reports that describe the course of these foot manifestations in any detail. The authors present a case study chronicling the progression of foot issues in a COVID-19 positive patient who also was positive for the Epstein-Barr virus.     

Transcervical approach with endoscopic assistance for surgical treatment of patient with irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation: a case report

We demonstrate the case of a surgery in a patient with irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation (IrAAD) after C2 fracture. The challenges of this case were the flexed head in a forced position, impossibility of neck extension, and revision operation after posterior occipito-cervical fixation. The patient underwent the following surgeries: 1. A ventral release of C1-C2 using transcervical endoscopy; 2. Removal of occipito-cervical system and fibrous block resection in the posterior surfaces of the C1-C2; 3. Reducing of AAD and odontoid screw fixation; 4. Posterior C1-C2-C3 screw fixation. Ankylosing of C1-C2 and C2-C3-C4 fusion was verified by computed tomography scan. There was an improvement in patient status as observed by the increase of the SF-36 scale scores.The use of endoscopic transcervical approach is a good alternative to the transoral approach. Comparative studies of these methods should be performed regarding the choice of an optimal method of decompression in cases of IrAAD.     

弥漫型大B细胞淋巴瘤EZH2、XIAP和Survivin蛋白表达水平及意义

目的探讨弥漫型大B细胞淋巴瘤Zeste同源物增强子2(EZH2)、X连锁凋亡抑制蛋白(XIAP)和生存素(Survivin)蛋白表达水平及意义。方法选取弥漫型大B细胞淋巴瘤组织92例作为观察组,同时选取反应性增生淋巴结组织50例作为对照组,采用免疫组化染色法检测EZH2、XIAP和Survivin蛋白表达。结果观察组EZH2、XIAP和Survivin蛋白阳性表达率分别为77.17%、55.43%和60.87%,明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组临床分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期EZH2、XIAP和Survivin蛋白表达阳性率分别为90.70%、86.05%和81.40%,明显高于临床分期Ⅰ~Ⅱ期(P<0.05);EZH2与XIAP、Survivin蛋白表达呈正相关(γ=0.547、0.360,P均<0.05),XIAP与Survivin蛋白表达呈正相关(γ=0.581,P<0.05)。结论弥漫型大B细胞淋巴瘤EZH2、XIAP和Survivin蛋白表达水平上调,与临床分期有一定关系,三者间存在相关关系。